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chord progression
LEXIS
Many songs and popular pieces of music contain characteristic, regular sequences of certain chords. They are based on the basic key of a piece and the scale degrees based on harmony theory (see ⇒ scale).
Scale degrees
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
Tonic
Supertonic
Mediant
Subdominant
Dominant
Submediant
Base and target (quietness)
Minor
Minor
Transition; major
Tension (interruption); major; often with seventh
Minor
Diminished
C
Dm
Em
F
G
Am
B
Popular chord progressions
14
141541
1451
15641
16251
1625
1645
251
261
65431
Blues cadence 1)
Major cadence
Pop cadence
Swing cadence
Ice cream
jazz progression
Spanish cadence
I-IV
I-IV-I-V7-IV-I
I-IV-V-I
I-V-vi-IV-I
I-VI-II7-V7-I
I-vi-ii-V
I-vi-IV-V
ii7-V7-I
II-vi-I
vi-V-IV-III-I
C-F
C-F-C-G7-F-C
C-F-G-C
C-G-Am-F-C
C-A7-D7-G7-C
C-Am-Dm-G
C-Am-F-G
Dm7-G7-C
Dm-Am-C
Am-G-F-E-C
Most common of all sequences. Often at the end of a piece.
Ballads
Popular in country and softrock
Popular in Jazz
Popular at the end of a song
I-x-V-I Progressions
The I-x-V-I scheme
A set model or scheme popular in many musical genres leads from the tonic (degree I) over a second chord to the dominant (V) and finally back to the tonic (I). The second chord can be the tonic itself (I), the subdominant parallel (II), the subdominant (IV), the dominant (V), or the tonic parallel (VI) – resulting in the following progressions:
Pachelbel-Sequenz
Pachelbel sequence
The sequence invented by Johann Pachelbel for his Canon in D major is as follows:
1563-4145 | I-V-vi-iii-IV-I-IV-V7 | C-G-Am-Em-F-C-F-G7 |
---|
A single change in the penultimate chord (replacing the repetition of the subdominants with their minor parallel) results in the modified Pachelbel sequence, which leads through all common chords and is therefore particularly suitable for practicing:
1563-4125 | I-V-vi-iii-IV-I-ii-V7 | C-G-Am-Em-F-C-Dm-G7 |
---|
The Folia
One of the most popular chord progressions of the Baroque era was the folia.
La Folia
Harmonieschema:
- i-V7-i-VII-III-VII-i-V7 i-V7-i-VII-III-VII-i-V7 i
Stufenschema:
- 15173715 15173715 1
Beispiel D-Moll:
- Dm-A7-Dm-C-F-C-A7 Dm-A7-Dm-C-F-C-Dm-A7 Dm
22.10 0100. 22.10 00.03. 201.0 00.03. 01.00 22.10 0100. 22.10 00.03. 201.0 00.03. 22.10 01.00 22.10
Exercises
6415 chordprogression in G major
Elementary progression in A minor
The following chord progression 2) contains a number of elementary ukulele chords. It begins with a major cadence (1451) and enters a softrock-like cadence (64751).
Chord | Am | Dm | E7 | Am | F | D | G | E | Am |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Degree | i | iv | V7 | i | VI | IV | VII | V | i |